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Bible chapter guide
Titus 3
Believers are to be ready for every good work, gentle and courteous to all, for God saved us not by works but by his mercy, through the washing of regeneration and renewal by the Holy Spirit. Paul asks Titus to come to him at Nicopolis, where he plans to spend the winter.
Summary written for the Labs; read the chapter itself for the full text.
See it in the Labs
- Paul's RoadsNicopolis: a winter (Later (debated)) · Paul's RoadsOpen
- Paul's RoadsNicopolis · Paul's RoadsOpen
- Paul's RoadsTitus · Paul's RoadsOpen
Places
Also in this chapter
The letter: who wrote it, where and when
These questions are debated; the views are shown side by side with how sure each is, as in Paul's Roads.
- Plausible
Paul's authorship of Titus is debated.
Many scholars think this letter was written after Paul's death in his name; others hold that Paul wrote it. The lab shows the setting the letter itself gives and takes no side.
- Speculative
Titus written from Macedonia
Paul plans to winter at Nicopolis (3:12) and is not there yet; Macedonia, on the way, is one guess.
- Speculative
Titus written from Ephesus
Another guess places the writing at Ephesus, on the same debated journey.
- Speculative
The Pastoral Letters reliably record Paul's last journeys.
They name Paul as author and give personal details. Many scholars judge their vocabulary, church order and setting to be later than Paul and read the details as literary; others defend Paul's authorship, perhaps with a secretary.
How sure can we be?
- Plausible
The Nicopolis of Titus 3:12 is most likely the one in Epirus.
Several cities had the name; Nicopolis in Epirus was the largest and lay on the route between the Aegean and Italy.
- Speculative
The order of the later travels shown here is one possible sequence.
The letters mention the places in passing and never in order. We follow a common reconstruction: Spain first (as Romans planned), then the east, then a final arrest.